关键词: 农村居民点, 空间自相关, 核密度, 影响因素

Abstract: The spatial distribution and evolutional characteristics for rural settlements, which is an important form of human habitation in rural area, are driven by various factors, such as history, environment, society, economics, traditional culture, and so on.his paper, spatial analytical techniques in RS and GIS, utilized a series of digitalized vector data, including rural settlements, urban areas, road networks, rivers, and so on that were acquired from remote sensing data for the City of Dujiangyan in Sichuan Province for 2005 and 2012, quantitatively the spatio-temporal processes, patterns, and characteristics for the rural settlements in that studied area.Specifically, the spatial autocorrelation model was applied to deeply analyze the different influences by environmental factors to the form of spatial distribution for the rural settlements.The results indicated that: (1) In general there is a significant effect of spatial autocorrelation for the distribution density of rural settlements in the City of Dujiangyan, regions with higher/lower settlements density are neighboring with those with similar settlements density. the tendency of spatial heterogeneity becomes significant in some local areas.(2) The clusters with highest settlements density are mainly distributed at two regions, one is along Sha-Xi straight regions at Southeast of Dujiangyan, and the other is along Cheng-Qing rapid routeway at the South.Such high density regions are also found to be expanding along roads to inner area.However, the lower settlements density regions are majorly caused by the topographic factors since they are mainly distributed along the villages in Longmen Mountain area.Such lower density regions do not show an expanding tendency.(3) With 1% increasing in topographic index, the settlement density was decreasing by 0.505%.Similarly, with 1% increasing of distance to urban area, to river, and to road network, the settlement density would increase by 0.124%, 0.144% and 0.006%.(4) The rank for the influence by environmental factors to the rural settlements' spatial distribution follows: topography> urban > river > road network.Along with the time, such influences are all continuously increasing.This research is to provide some methodological reference to similar works in future.And it can also offer some theoretical and technical supports for dynamic monitoring for rural settlements, intensive use of rural land, and New Country planning.

Key words: rural settlements, spatial autocorrelation, kernel density, influence factors